Selected (Pediatric) Neuroradiology Articles 2024/1
AJNR 202401
1. The Pediatric Neuroradiologist's Practical Guide to Capture and Evaluate Pre- and Postoperative Velopharyngeal Insufficiency
- "MRI offers an ideal imaging method, providing noninvasive, high-contrast, high-resolution imaging of soft tissue anatomy for velopharyngeal insufficiency."
- "Focused-speech MRI technique can evaluation can evaluate the function of the velum (soft palate) and pharynx during sustained speech production"
- Protocol: reference: https://cahs.ecu.edu/speechimaging/setting-up-an-mri-protocol/
2. Prevalence of Developmental Venous Anomalies in Association with Sporadic Cavernous Malformations on 7T MRI
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The study included 59 patients with a total of 61 cavernous malformations. Of the sixty-one, 44 (72%) had an associated developmental venous anomaly. An associated anomaly was most common for cavernous malformations in the brainstem (88%) compared with the cerebral hemispheres or cerebellum (60%–67%). These findings support the hypothesis that cavernous malformations may arise secondary to hemodynamic abnormalities."- "An associated DVA was defined as a venous structure with a branching pattern (caput medusa) that terminated near the margin or immediately adjacent to the CM."
3. Delayed Gadolinium Leakage in Ocular Structures on Brain MR Imaging: Prevalence and Associated Factors
- "Gadolinium leakage in ocular structures (GLOS) is characterized by hyperintense signal in the chambers of the eye on FLAIR and has been reported in association with blood-ocular barrier breakdown in patients with ischemic strokes."
- "Conclusion: GLOS was observed in only a small percentage of patients receiving gadolinium-based contrast agent within 7 days before brain MR imaging. This phenomenon was noted in patients with normal findings on brain MR imaging and those with various CNS pathologies, and it was associated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rates and shorter time intervals after gadolinium-based contrast agent injection. While GLOS may be a physiologic gadolinium-based contrast agent excretion pathway, the presence of ocular disease was not formally evaluated in the included population. Awareness of GLOS is nonetheless useful for appropriate radiologic interpretation."
4. Frequency of Coexistent Spinal Segment Variants: Retrospective Analysis in Asymptomatic Young Adults
- "Spinal segment variants are highly prevalent and can potentially lead to incorrect spinal enumeration and, consequently, interventions or surgeries at the wrong vertebral levels."
- "Consecutive computed tomography exams of 450 young adults originally evaluated for non-spinal conditions and without a history of spinal diseases from a single institution."
- "The spinal segment distribution variants (an atypical number of presacral segments or an atypical distribution of thoracolumbar vertebrae), cervical rib, thoracolumbar transitional vertebra, and lumbosacral transitional vertebra were reported in 23.8%, 4.2%, 15.3%, and 26.4% of cases in our study population."
- "The presence of a cervical rib or a thoracolumbar transitional vertebra was associated with concurrent lumbosacral transitional vertebra (OR = 3.28; 95% CI, 1.29–8.47 and 1.87; 95% CI, 1.08–3.20, respectively). The inability to visualize the iliolumbar ligament was also associated with the presence of cervical ribs (OR = 3.06; 95% CI, 1.18–7.80)."
- "CONCLUSIONS: In a population of asymptomatic young adults, spinal segment variants are both highly prevalent with a high rate of coexistence. When a spinal segment variant (eg, transitional vertebra) is diagnosed, additional imaging might be considered for accurate spine enumeration before interventions or operations."
Radiographics 202401
1. CT Myelography: How to Do It
